Core GMP Changes in Europe (Q4 2025)

Core GMP Changes in Europe (Q4 2025)

The European regulatory landscape has entered a phase of structural modernization. Three developments stand out.

1. EMA begins relying on FDA inspections

Since 1 October 2025, the EMA accepts FDA inspection outcomes for manufacturing sites outside the United States, reducing duplicate inspections and accelerating EU assessments.

https://www.gmp-publishing.com/content/en/gmp-news/news-about-gmp-cgmp/d/ema-reliance-on-fda-inspections-outside-the-united-states

2. Legally binding GMP for veterinary medicines and APIs

On 17 October 2025, the European Commission published two Implementing Regulations:

(EU) 2025/2091 — GMP for veterinary medicinal products

(EU) 2025/2154 — GMP for active substances in veterinary medicines

Both will apply from 16 July 2026, replacing previous guidance and giving the veterinary sector a dedicated, enforceable GMP framework.

https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg_impl/2025/2091/oj

https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg_impl/2025/2154/oj

3. Digital GMP: documentation, computerized systems, and AI

The EU launched a consultation to revise EudraLex Volume 4, including:

Updated Chapter 4 (Documentation)

Revised Annex 11 (Computerised Systems)

New Annex 22 (AI / Machine Learning)

The proposals introduce lifecycle data management, system validation, supplier control, and governance for AI models.

https://health.ec.europa.eu/consultations/stakeholders-consultation-eudralex-volume-4-good-manufacturing-practice-guidelines-chapter-4-annex_en

What Comes Next

In 2026–2027, three trends are likely to dominate:

Formal integration of digital compliance into EU-GMP.

The revision of Annex 11 and the introduction of Annex 22 will move GMP from “paper compliance” to continuous digital oversight, requiring validated systems, audit-ready records, and clear accountability for AI-driven decisions.

Expansion of sector-specific GMP.

The veterinary regulations are a precedent. Other domains (biologics, cell therapy, ATMPs) may gain similarly tailored GMP frameworks, clarifying responsibilities for manufacturers and supply-chain partners.

Greater transatlantic operational alignment.

EMA’s acceptance of FDA inspections signals a long-term shift. Instead of parallel audits, companies will face risk-based supervision coordinated at a regulatory level.

This will reward organizations with strong data governance, transparent quality systems, and consistent supplier control—while exposing those relying on minimal compliance.

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